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The Terry Schiavo case is just one example. Her body was kept alive long after her brain became irrevocably damaged and ruined. You're familiar with the situation. One of the big questions it brings up is: What duty does society have to ensure life to a body that, more or less "in nature", would not survive?
It's complicated.
We keep coma patients alive because they can, and do, snap out of them. We would want others to keep us alive in comas. Chris Reeves' body was ruined, but his mind remained sharp. He was fully human, and deserved the right to life. Others, however, write "living wills" precluding "heroic measures" to keep them alive in case they deteriorate into Permanent Vegetative States.
As I said, there are few discreet answers to these questions.
We were talking about Free Will. It's pretty obvious that one must be aware of one's surroundings and capable of choosing from among alternatives to exercise Free Will, don't you think?
There have been many studies on fetal response to stimuli. Here's one I found.
Link"The outcome of these samples demonstrated that 87.5% of experimental infants can recognize maternal voice and 70% recognize to prenatal music. They calm down significantly when giving a prenatal music, heart beat sound, rhythmic patting and rocking pattern which they ever received during in utero.
This suggests that fetus can learn variety of sensory stimuli even before birth and these previous experiences they received in utero may influence postnatal learning and perception."So the fetus is aware of it's surroundings, it's mind is more aware than that of a coma patient. As early as 9 weeks into the pregnancy the fetus has enough mental ability to move it's body.
Link"It is now well established that the human fetus is capable of some degree of behavioral complexity. In fact, as early as the 9th week of gestation the fetus is able to spontaneously move the extremities, head, and trunk (de Vries, Visser, & Prechtl, 1985). It has also been suggested that the near term fetus may be endowed with some degree of cognitive capability"
9 weeks is during the first trimester. An abortion can take place as late as 21 weeks without being considered a late term abortion. Keep in mind that the youngest surviving premature baby was born at 23 weeks.
So between 9 and 21 weeks, the brain is able to move the body and develop even further to a point where it responds to outside stimuli. The point of becoming cognisant is known to happen before birth, the exact point is unknown.
So let's put this in a real world situation. Let's say I've been in an accident and I suffered severe brain damage. I'm dependant on outside assistance to live. My brain is only able to spontaneously move my body. It is believed that I am unaware of my surroundings, I have no free will to make my own decisions. However, I'm showing a rapid rate of improvement and should be able to survive on my own in 3 to 4 months. The hospital makes the decision to terminate my life for their own reasons.
Did I die unjustly or did the hospital have the moral right to make their decision since I was dependant on them for my life?